When are C-Spine Radiographs Needed?
The Canadian Spine Rules and the NEXUS Spine Rules provide important algorithms to determine if radiographs are needed.
Deep Tendon Reflexes by the Numbers
Hyperactive reflexes may indicate pathology above the level of the reflex arc. Hypoactive reflexes may be the result of muscle, nerve, nerve root, or spinal cord damage.
The Patella – More than Just a Sesamoid Bone
Although the patellofemoral joint is not a true articulation, is serves a very important purpose. As the largest sesamoid bone in the body, it forms the least congruent joint in the body.
Quantifying Pectoralis Muscle Tightness
Because of the way we function with most activities of daily living occurring in front of us, the pectoralis muscles tend to get tight. Significant imbalance can occur between our anterior and posterior musculature
Functional Lower Extremity Tests
There are several tests available for assessing the return to play. Six lower extremity functional tests are discussed to assess strength, symmetry, balance, and/or agility.