When are C-Spine Radiographs Needed?
The Canadian Spine Rules and the NEXUS Spine Rules provide important algorithms to determine if radiographs are needed.
The Patella – More than Just a Sesamoid Bone
Although the patellofemoral joint is not a true articulation, is serves a very important purpose. As the largest sesamoid bone in the body, it forms the least congruent joint in the body.
Functional Lower Extremity Tests
There are several tests available for assessing the return to play. Six lower extremity functional tests are discussed to assess strength, symmetry, balance, and/or agility.
Can You Identify Subtle Motor Deficits?
A study by Maranhao, Maranhao-Filho, Lima, and Vincent (2010) studied 13 tests for their ability to detect subtle motor deficits to identify possible unilateral/monohemispheric brain tumors. The results of this study were very interested and provide simple tests with respectable metrics for simple screening of a potentially serious concern.
Arches of the Foot: Challenge of Mobility & Stability
There are 3 arches of the foot that provide both mobility and stability to ambulate. There are at least 3 tests that can be used to assess varying types of mobility (or lack of mobility) of the ankle and foot: navicular drop, Coleman block, and windlass test.
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